Publications
The 'pillars' of chairwork relate to its principles, processes, procedures, and process-based skills. These are drawn from a wide variety of psychotherapeutic approaches including Psychodrama, Gestalt Therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy, Voice Dialogue, Ego State Therapy, Schema Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and many others. These have recently been integrated into three new frameworks: 'Dialogical Psychotherapy', 'Dialogical Coaching', and 'Action Supervision'. We offer a selection of chairwork-related publications from our research group below, which we hope will be useful to both clinicians and researchers.
Bringing the inside out and outside in: The therapeutic relationship in compassion focused therapy chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., Pugh, M., & Gilbert, P. (2023). Bringing the inside out and outside in: The therapeutic relationship in compassion focused therapy chairwork. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 8, 1-21.
Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse?
Citation: Pugh, M., Dixon, A., & Bell, T. (2023). Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79, 1615-1626.
Single-Session Chairwork: Overview and Case Illustration of Brief Dialogical Psychotherapy
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Single-session chairwork: overview and case illustration of brief dialogical psychotherapy. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1-19.
Interviewing Anorexia: How Do Individuals Given A Diagnosis Of Anorexia Nervosa Experience Voice Dialogue With Their Eating Disorder Voice? A Qualitative Analysis.
Citation: Ling, N. C. Y., Serpell, L., Burnett‐Stuart, S., & Pugh, M. (2021). Interviewing anorexia: How do individuals given a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa experience Voice Dialogue with their eating disorder voice? A qualitative analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy.
Positive Psychotherapy With A Pulse: Achieving Depth through Dialogue
Pugh, M., & Salter, C. (2021). Positive psychotherapy with a pulse: Achieving depth through dialogue. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 6, 233-251.
“Suddenly You Are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, Transformation and Integration in Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). “Suddenly you are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, transformation and integration in compassion focused therapy chairwork. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 31(3), 223–237.
Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 14, 1-17.
Attitudes And Applications Of Chairwork Amongst CBT Therapists: A Preliminary Survey
Citation: Pugh, M., Bell, T., Waller, G., & Petrova, E. (2021). Attitudes and applications of chairwork amongst CBT therapists: A preliminary survey. The Cognitive Behavioural Therapist, 14, 1-21.
Chairwork In Action
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Chairwork in action. Reading, UK: Henley Business School.
Understanding 'Ed': A theoretical and empirical review of the eating disorder voice
Pugh, M. (2020). Understanding ‘Ed’: A theoretical and empirical review of the eating disorder voice. BPS Psychotherapy Section Review, 65, 12-23.
Delivering Tele-Chairwork: A Qualitative Survey of Expert Therapists
Pugh, M., Bell, T., & Dixon, A. (In Press). Delivering tele-chairwork: A qualitative survey of expert therapists. Psychotherapy Research, xx, xx-xx.
Process-Based Chairwork: Applications and Innovations in the Time of COVID-19
Pugh, M., & Bell, T. (2020). Process-based chairwork: Applications and innovations in the time of COVID-19. European Journal of Counselling Theory, Research, and Practice, 4, 1-8.
Action-Based Supervision And Supervisory Drift
Pugh, M., & Margetts, A. (2020). The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 13, xx-xx.
Dialogical Coaching: An Experiential Approach To Personal And Professional Development
Pugh, M., & Broome, N. (2020). Dialogical coaching: An experiential approach to personal and professional development. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 72, 223-241.
A Little Less Talk, A Little More Action: A Dialogical Approach To Cognitive Therapy
Pugh, M. (2019). The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, 1-24.
'A Definite Feel-It Moment': Embodiment, Externalization And Emotion During Chair-Work In Compassion-Focused Therapy
Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2020). Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20, 143-153.
Working With Maladaptive Therapist Modes
Pugh, M. (2019). Schema Therapy Bulletin, 3, 10-14.
Using Chairwork To Resolve Ambivalence And Enhance Motivation
Extract from: Pugh, M. (2019). Cognitive behavioural chairwork: Distinctive features. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Chairwork In Schema Therapy: Applications And Considerations In The Treatment Of Eating Disorders
Pugh, M., & Rae, S. (2019). In S. Simpson & E. Smith (Eds.), Schema therapy for eating disorders: Theory and practice for individual and group settings. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Resolving Ambivalence And Overcoming Blocks To Change: A Multi-Modal And Schema-Informed Approach
Pugh, M. (2019). In S. Simpson & E. Smith (Eds.), Schema therapy for eating disorders: Theory and practice for individual and group settings (pp. 187-206). Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Dialogical Interview Schedule - For Eating Disorders
Pugh, M. (2019). Unpublished manuscript and protocol.
Motivational Chairwork: An Experiential Approach To Resolving Ambivalence
Pugh, M., & Salter, S. (2018). European Journal of Counselling Theory, Research, and Practice, 2, 1-15.
Cognitive Behavioural Chairwork
Pugh, M. (2018). International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 11, 100-116.
Chairwork In Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Narrative Review
Pugh (2017). Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41, 16-30.
Developing A Compassionate Internal Supervisor
Bell, T., Dixon, A., & Kolts, R. (2016). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24, 632-648.
Introductions to Chairwork
Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse?
Citation: Pugh, M., Dixon, A., & Bell, T. (2023). Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79, 1615-1626.
Single-Session Chairwork: Overview and Case Illustration of Brief Dialogical Psychotherapy
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Single-session chairwork: overview and case illustration of brief dialogical psychotherapy. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1-19.
Chairwork In Action
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Chairwork in action. Reading, UK: Henley Business School.
Delivering Tele-Chairwork: A Qualitative Survey of Expert Therapists
Pugh, M., Bell, T., & Dixon, A. (In Press). Delivering tele-chairwork: A qualitative survey of expert therapists. Psychotherapy Research, xx, xx-xx.
Process-Based Chairwork: Applications and Innovations in the Time of COVID-19
Pugh, M., & Bell, T. (2020). Process-based chairwork: Applications and innovations in the time of COVID-19. European Journal of Counselling Theory, Research, and Practice, 4, 1-8.
Cognitive Behavioural Chairwork
Attitudes And Applications Of Chairwork Amongst CBT Therapists: A Preliminary Survey
Citation: Pugh, M., Bell, T., Waller, G., & Petrova, E. (2021). Attitudes and applications of chairwork amongst CBT therapists: A preliminary survey. The Cognitive Behavioural Therapist, 14, 1-21.
A Little Less Talk, A Little More Action: A Dialogical Approach To Cognitive Therapy
Pugh, M. (2019). The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, 1-24.
Cognitive Behavioural Chairwork
Pugh, M. (2018). International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 11, 100-116.
Chairwork In Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Narrative Review
Pugh (2017). Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41, 16-30.
Compassion Focused Chairwork
Bringing the inside out and outside in: The therapeutic relationship in compassion focused therapy chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., Pugh, M., & Gilbert, P. (2023). Bringing the inside out and outside in: The therapeutic relationship in compassion focused therapy chairwork. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 8, 1-21.
“Suddenly You Are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, Transformation and Integration in Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). “Suddenly you are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, transformation and integration in compassion focused therapy chairwork. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 31(3), 223–237.
Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 14, 1-17.
'A Definite Feel-It Moment': Embodiment, Externalization And Emotion During Chair-Work In Compassion-Focused Therapy
Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2020). Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20, 143-153.
Developing A Compassionate Internal Supervisor
Bell, T., Dixon, A., & Kolts, R. (2016). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24, 632-648.
Schema Focused Chairwork
Working With Maladaptive Therapist Modes
Pugh, M. (2019). Schema Therapy Bulletin, 3, 10-14.
Chairwork In Schema Therapy: Applications And Considerations In The Treatment Of Eating Disorders
Pugh, M., & Rae, S. (2019). In S. Simpson & E. Smith (Eds.), Schema therapy for eating disorders: Theory and practice for individual and group settings. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Resolving Ambivalence And Overcoming Blocks To Change: A Multi-Modal And Schema-Informed Approach
Pugh, M. (2019). In S. Simpson & E. Smith (Eds.), Schema therapy for eating disorders: Theory and practice for individual and group settings (pp. 187-206). Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Voice Dialogue
Interviewing Anorexia: How Do Individuals Given A Diagnosis Of Anorexia Nervosa Experience Voice Dialogue With Their Eating Disorder Voice? A Qualitative Analysis.
Citation: Ling, N. C. Y., Serpell, L., Burnett‐Stuart, S., & Pugh, M. (2021). Interviewing anorexia: How do individuals given a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa experience Voice Dialogue with their eating disorder voice? A qualitative analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy.
Motivational Chairwork
Using Chairwork To Resolve Ambivalence And Enhance Motivation
Extract from: Pugh, M. (2019). Cognitive behavioural chairwork: Distinctive features. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Resolving Ambivalence And Overcoming Blocks To Change: A Multi-Modal And Schema-Informed Approach
Pugh, M. (2019). In S. Simpson & E. Smith (Eds.), Schema therapy for eating disorders: Theory and practice for individual and group settings (pp. 187-206). Oxon, UK: Routledge.
Motivational Chairwork: An Experiential Approach To Resolving Ambivalence
Pugh, M., & Salter, S. (2018). European Journal of Counselling Theory, Research, and Practice, 2, 1-15.
Positive Chairwork
Positive Psychotherapy With A Pulse: Achieving Depth through Dialogue
Pugh, M., & Salter, C. (2021). Positive psychotherapy with a pulse: Achieving depth through dialogue. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 6, 233-251.
Action Supervision
Applications of chairwork in clinical supervision and case consultation.
Action-Based Supervision And Supervisory Drift
Pugh, M., & Margetts, A. (2020). The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 13, xx-xx.
Working With Maladaptive Therapist Modes
Pugh, M. (2019). Schema Therapy Bulletin, 3, 10-14.
Developing A Compassionate Internal Supervisor
Bell, T., Dixon, A., & Kolts, R. (2016). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24, 632-648.
Dialogical Psychotherapy
Articles which describe the dialogical approach to psychotherapy.
Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse?
Citation: Pugh, M., Dixon, A., & Bell, T. (2023). Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79, 1615-1626.
Single-Session Chairwork: Overview and Case Illustration of Brief Dialogical Psychotherapy
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Single-session chairwork: overview and case illustration of brief dialogical psychotherapy. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1-19.
Interviewing Anorexia: How Do Individuals Given A Diagnosis Of Anorexia Nervosa Experience Voice Dialogue With Their Eating Disorder Voice? A Qualitative Analysis.
Citation: Ling, N. C. Y., Serpell, L., Burnett‐Stuart, S., & Pugh, M. (2021). Interviewing anorexia: How do individuals given a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa experience Voice Dialogue with their eating disorder voice? A qualitative analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy.
Positive Psychotherapy With A Pulse: Achieving Depth through Dialogue
Pugh, M., & Salter, C. (2021). Positive psychotherapy with a pulse: Achieving depth through dialogue. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 6, 233-251.
“Suddenly You Are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, Transformation and Integration in Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). “Suddenly you are King Solomon”: Multiplicity, transformation and integration in compassion focused therapy chairwork. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 31(3), 223–237.
Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork
Citation: Bell, T., Montague, J., Elander, J., & Gilbert, P. (2021). Multiple Emotions, Multiple Selves: Compassion Focused Therapy Chairwork. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 14, 1-17.
Attitudes And Applications Of Chairwork Amongst CBT Therapists: A Preliminary Survey
Citation: Pugh, M., Bell, T., Waller, G., & Petrova, E. (2021). Attitudes and applications of chairwork amongst CBT therapists: A preliminary survey. The Cognitive Behavioural Therapist, 14, 1-21.
Chairwork In Action
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Chairwork in action. Reading, UK: Henley Business School.
Understanding 'Ed': A theoretical and empirical review of the eating disorder voice
Pugh, M. (2020). Understanding ‘Ed’: A theoretical and empirical review of the eating disorder voice. BPS Psychotherapy Section Review, 65, 12-23.
Delivering Tele-Chairwork: A Qualitative Survey of Expert Therapists
Pugh, M., Bell, T., & Dixon, A. (In Press). Delivering tele-chairwork: A qualitative survey of expert therapists. Psychotherapy Research, xx, xx-xx.
Process-Based Chairwork: Applications and Innovations in the Time of COVID-19
Pugh, M., & Bell, T. (2020). Process-based chairwork: Applications and innovations in the time of COVID-19. European Journal of Counselling Theory, Research, and Practice, 4, 1-8.
Dialogical Coaching: An Experiential Approach To Personal And Professional Development
Pugh, M., & Broome, N. (2020). Dialogical coaching: An experiential approach to personal and professional development. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 72, 223-241.
A Little Less Talk, A Little More Action: A Dialogical Approach To Cognitive Therapy
Pugh, M. (2019). The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, 1-24.
Dialogical Interview Schedule - For Eating Disorders
Pugh, M. (2019). Unpublished manuscript and protocol.
Dialogical Coaching
Applications of chairwork in executive, performance, and personal coaching.
Chairwork In Action
Citation: Pugh, M. (2021). Chairwork in action. Reading, UK: Henley Business School.
Dialogical Coaching: An Experiential Approach To Personal And Professional Development
Pugh, M., & Broome, N. (2020). Dialogical coaching: An experiential approach to personal and professional development. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 72, 223-241.
Guidance
Guidance for implementing a selection of chairwork methods are provided below.
Exercise: Internalised Other Interviewing
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Exercise: Compassionate Witness Dialogues
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Exercise: Three-Chair Cognitive Restructuring
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Exercise: Two-Chair Enactments (working with cognitive processes)
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Exercise: Projection Dialogues (working with client projections)
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Exercise: Dream Dialogues 1 - Interview Method
Facilitation guidance for therapists and coaches.
Audio Exercises and Lectures
Please feel free to download any of the audio files below. These include guided chairwork practices and a series of discussions on the topic of chairwork ('The Hot Seat' series).
